Tiaret is an Algerian state, it was called in old Berber language Tihrt, meaning the lioness, and had several names, Tahert, Taqaddam, Taghazout, Tengartia... Tiaret is located in the northwest, called the capital of the western hills. Horse enthusiasts also call it the Paradise of the Thoroughbred Horse, whose edges are in the giant barn "Shaouchoua" located in the former "capital of the Rostamites", now the state of Tiaret, which is about a distance from Algiers.
290 km to the northwest, where the cave is located in the archaeological village of Bani Salama, in which "Abd al-Rahman ibn Khaldun", the pioneer of modern sociology, wrote part of his masterpiece on the philosophy of history "Introduction". There are also many archaeological monuments, including the walled area similar to the Egyptian pyramids, which did not find the necessary attention to converting it to before tourism deserves, nor the care that makes it a destination for tourists from all over the world, like people. From Tiaret, they adhere to the authentic customs that they have in terms of dress (shamrocks, turbans, Arab pants), especially for the oldest of them.
Geography
Location
- From the north: Relizane and Tissemsilt.
- From the south: the governorates of Laghouat and El Bayadh.
- From the West: Wilayats of Mascara and Saida.
- From the east: the state of Djelfa.
The climate
Tiaret is located in the highlands area, which means that its climate is semi-arid, where it experiences rain, snow, and cold between temperatures that fall below zero in winter, while it is hot and the temperature reaches 40 degrees Celsius in summer.
Area and Population
The population is 1,000,755 (2011 estimates), while the total area is estimated at 20,673 square kilometers.
Economy
In the agricultural field
Milk production reached 30,000,000 liters. The plant production is dominated by cereal products, including durum wheat, soft wheat, barley, and oats. Thus, the State has animal resources estimated at 1 190 000 heads of sheep, 37 652 heads of cows, and 115 957 heads of goats. The Industrial Sector: This sector includes several production units: - The unit of mechanics, National Company of Industrial Vehicles - The unit of car batteries - An industrial zone and 9 poles of activities.
Economic, administrative, and social establishments
The State has basic infrastructures including - An industrial zone and nine activity areas. - Three roads to be connected (national roads n° 23, 14 and 40) cross the Wilayat of Tiaret, at the crossroads of the high plateaus, which ensure the connection between the North and the South and between the East and the West. international airport. - To provide the higher education sector with a university pole with a capacity of 20 000 places. - The health sector includes 6 hospitals and hospital centers for mental illnesses and the total number of beds is 1 534.
Tourist activities
City of Tiaret The tourism sector counts :
- 9 hotels including 3 classified
- 3 private travel agencies
- 5 tourist sites (spa)
- cabin
- equestrian center
Specialists present the "Shawshawa Barn" as the largest horse-breeding center in Africa and the first Arab scientific laboratory to combine the breeding of purebred Arab and Berber horses. The ancient inhabitants of Algeria were famous for their chivalry, a talent that deepened with the arrival of the Arabs and the contact of the Algerians with the Arab horse. The population has continued to inherit the riding of grandfather until today when horsemanship and riding have become a manifestation of the knight's brilliance. And show and show the value of riding, especially at parties and weddings. It was also manifested in the various resistance movements led by the great leaders of Algeria throughout history against the aggressors. Among them were Amir Abd al-Qadir, al-Maqrani, Buamama, Lala Fatima Nsumer, and others who did well as employees of the cavalry armies here and there. The region of Tiaret is particularly distinguished for being the "cradle of horsemanship". The fertility of its land made it an excellent location for the breeding of Arab and Berber thoroughbred horses, which prompted the first French occupants to establish the Chaouchoua barn in 1877. The barn of Chaouchoua has great historical value, which led the Algerian authorities to classify it among the Algerian archaeological sites in 1995 when an executive decree of the French Ministry of War decreed the creation of a horse-breeding center during the French occupation of Algeria (1830 -1962). The authentic Arabic as well as Berber, and the century and more of the presence of the barn have witnessed accomplishments and events in bulk. The city of Tiaret is famous for hosting many periodic events, the last of which was the great show in which participated seven hundred knights of teams well known locally such as the troupe Fantasia, in addition to other teams brought from Libya. Qatar, Tunisia, the United States of America, France, and Great Britain. The Shawshawa barn contains approximately 288 horses, including 174 purebred Arab horses and 68 other Berber horses. The barn witnesses an annual birth rate of about 55 horses, the majority of which are purebred Arabs. The director of the barn, "Ahmed bin Abdullah", said in an interview with "Al-Riyadh" that the Shawshawa Center is used especially to preserve purebred Arabian horses and Barbary horses. During previous periods, the barn witnessed the export of dozens of horses to Syria, Egypt, and Lebanon, and Ahmed bin Abdullah added that the choice of the Tiaret region for horse breeding is due to the excellent ecological environment it offers and the uniqueness of the richness of its steppes and the fertility of its pastures, as well as the availability of huge quantities of drinking water throughout the year. Historical documents confirm the existence of mating between several horses from different regions of the country and abroad, similar to local varieties such as "Al-Ghazi", "Sidi Gaber", "Safla" and others imported from Arab countries and others from Western countries. such as Poland, Russia, and France, which have contributed to the generation of horses. Note that the Shawshawa Stable has a rare genetic insemination center with Barbary horses.
Natural resources
The state is rich in natural resources, including 1,609,900 hectares of agricultural land, 142,966 hectares of the steppe, and 142,422 hectares of forest. The average rainfall varies from 300 to 500 mm per year. The Wilayat of Tiaret is also rich in important mineral resources, lime for minerals, clay for bricks and tiles, Croatian sand for grinding and glass, alabaster lime for cutting rocks, flask for roads, and sand for construction. There are two reservoirs with a capacity of 1,500,000 cubic meters and six others are being completed with a capacity of 4,700,000 cubic meters.
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